The automobile radiator is composed of three parts: inlet chamber, outlet chamber and radiator core. The coolant flows inside the radiator core and the air passes outside the radiator. The hot coolant cools as it dissipates heat to the air, while the cold air heats up by absorbing the heat emitted by the coolant.
According to the direction of coolant flow in the radiator, the radiator can be divided into two types: longitudinal flow and cross-flow.
According to the structure of the radiator core, the radiator can be divided into tube type cooling core, tube type cooling core and plate radiator core.
There are two main types of car radiators: aluminum and copper, the former for general passenger cars, the latter for large commercial vehicles.
Automotive radiator materials and manufacturing technology are developing rapidly. Aluminum radiator with its obvious advantages in material lightweight, in the field of cars and light vehicles gradually replace the copper radiator at the same time, copper radiator manufacturing technology and process has been greatly developed, copper brazed radiator in passenger cars, construction machinery, heavy trucks and other engine radiator advantages are obvious. The radiators of foreign cars are mostly aluminum radiators, mainly from the perspective of protecting the environment (especially in Europe and the United States). In new European cars, the proportion of aluminum radiators is an average of 64%. From the perspective of the development of automobile radiator production in China, the aluminum radiator produced by brazing is gradually increasing. Brazed copper radiators are also used in buses, trucks and other engineering equipment.
1. Working principle of car radiator
Automobile radiator adopts water circulation cooling system. When the engine is running, the pump draws water into the radiator. The water passes through the radiator chip and circulates through the water pipe to absorb the heat generated by the engine. The water is then forced to be cooled by a cooler fan, which pushes the heat out of the car.
The cooling fan of the car is mainly used for engine heat dissipation and coolant heat dissipation to ensure that the engine will not fail due to high temperature. The automobile engine must be properly cooled in a high temperature working environment to keep it working at a suitable temperature in order to meet the requirements of good working performance, durability and exhaust emissions of the engine. The engine cooling system plays a key role here. It mainly includes cooling fan, water tank, thermostat and other components
The radiator belongs to the automobile cooling system, and the radiator in the engine water cooling system is composed of three parts: inlet chamber, outlet chamber, main plate and radiator core
The coolant moves in the radiator core, and the air passes through the process outside the radiator core. The hot coolant is cooled by heat dissipation to the air, and the cold air is heated by heat dissipation from the coolant, so the radiator is a heat exchanger.
The radiator is the main part of the cooling system to protect the engine from damage caused by overheating. The principle of the radiator is to use cold air to reduce the temperature of the coolant from the engine in the radiator. The radiator has two main components, the radiator sheet, which consists of small flat tubes, and the overflow tank (on the upper, bottom, or sides of the radiator sheet).
In order to avoid overheating to ensure the cooling effect, the components around the combustion chamber (cylinder liner, cylinder head, valve, etc.) must be properly cooled. Automobile cooling system is composed of radiator, thermostat, water pump, cylinder water channel, cylinder head water channel, fan and so on. The radiator is responsible for the cooling of circulating water, its water pipe and heat sink are made of aluminum, aluminum water pipe is made of flat shape, the heat sink is corrugated, facing the heat dissipation performance, the installation target policy is perpendicular to the target policy of the air activity, as far as possible, the wind resistance should be small, the cooling efficiency should be high.
The coolant moves in the radiator core, and the air passes through the process outside the radiator core. The hot coolant is cooled by heat dissipation to the air, and the cold air is heated by heat dissipation from the coolant, so the radiator is a heat exchanger.
2. Automobile radiator composition structure
The automobile radiator consists of four basic components, namely, the chip, the box, the fan and the piping system. The chip mainly plays the role of heat transfer, and the box is used as a fixed position to install the chip and protect the chip. The fans provide sufficient air for cooling as needed, and the piping system connects all the components needed mainly for the car radiator.
Internal combustion engines get very hot when they run, and because many metal parts move quickly and rub together inside the engine, all this friction generates a lot of heat, the engine relies on coolant to keep these parts cool, so they don't overheat, but not only does the coolant stay cool, the heat from the metal parts is transferred to the coolant, The only way the coolant can remove this heat is through the radiator cycle, whose function is to take this heat out of the coolant and put it into the air blown in by the fan, and then, the coolant circulates back into the engine and cools the parts again. 3. About the automobile water cooling system radiator: many cars use water cooling devices to cool the engine, the engine water cooling system is mainly composed of water pumps, radiators, cooling fans, thermostat, engine body and water jacket in the cylinder head.Car radiator layout is also constantly adapting to new developments. The core of the tubular radiator is composed of many thin cooling tubes and heat sinks, and a lot of metal heat sinks are placed on the cooling tube jacket to increase the heat dissipation area and the stiffness and strength of the radiator itself. Let the coolant flow, the coolant as a medium, the heat transfer from the parts to the coolant, relying on the flow of the coolant to send the heat away, and then distributed to the atmosphere, so that the temperature of the engine is reduced, and the cooling coolant then flows back to the heated parts. Thus, the heat exchange between the coolant and the air and the heat sink is completed, the heat is absorbed, and the heat is transferred to the distance by various means, such as the air in the chassis, and then the chassis transfers these hot air to the outside of the chassis, thereby completing the heat dissipation of the car.
3. Classification of car radiators
According to material points, automotive radiators can be classified into copper, aluminum and plastic radiators. According to the circulation mode of the coolant, it can be divided into full water-cooled and air-cooled radiators. According to the heat dissipation location, it can be divided into front radiator and rear radiator.
4. The role of the car radiator
The car radiator mainly plays a heat dissipation role, transferring the heat generated by the engine to the car radiator through the water circulation system, and cooling through the air flow, so as to maintain the normal working temperature of the engine. At the same time, the radiator also prevents the engine from overheating and causing damage
The function of the radiator cap is to seal the water cooling system and adjust the working pressure of the system. As the engine works, the temperature of the coolant gradually rises. The pressure in the cooling system increases due to the expansion of the coolant volume. When the pressure exceeds the predetermined value, the pressure valve is opened, and a part of the coolant flows into the compensation bucket through the overflow pipe to prevent the coolant from expanding and cracking the radiator. When the engine is shut down, the temperature of the coolant drops, and the pressure in the cooling system also decreases. When the pressure drops below the atmospheric pressure and there is a vacuum, the vacuum valve is opened, and the coolant in the compensated bucket partially flows back to the radiator, which can avoid the radiator being crushed by the atmospheric pressure.
Its most direct role is "heat dissipation", the name can think of the meaning of the words. The radiator and the water tank are jointly used as the heat dissipation device of the car, in terms of its material, the metal is not corrosion resistant, so it should be avoided from contact with corrosive solutions such as acid and alkali to avoid damage. When adding water to the car radiator, the water tank cover should be slowly opened, and the body of the owner and other operators should be as far away from the water inlet as possible, so as not to cause burns caused by high pressure and high temperature oil and gas ejecting the water outlet
